Friday, March 27, 2015

Wonderful America


The United States of America (USA), commonly referred to as theUnited States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic consisting of 50 states and a federal district. The 48 contiguous states andWashington, D.C., are in central North America between Canada andMexico. The state of Alaska is located in the northwestern part of North America and the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also has five populated and numerous unpopulated territories in the Pacific and the Caribbean. At 3.80 million square miles (9.85 million km2) and with over 320 million people, the United States is the world'sfourth-largest country by total area and third most populous. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The geography andclimate of the United States are also extremely diverse, and the country is home to a wide variety of wildlife.
Paleo-Indians migrated from Eurasia to what is now the U.S. mainland around 15,000 years ago, with European colonization beginning in the 16th century. The United States emerged from 13 British colonieslocated along the East Coast. Disputes between Great Britain and the colonies led to the American Revolution. On July 4, 1776, as the colonies were fighting Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War, delegates from the 13 colonies unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence. The war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by the Kingdom of Great Britain, and was the first successful war of independence against a Europeancolonial empire. The country's constitution was adopted on September 17, 1787 and ratified by the states in 1788. The first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil rights and freedoms.
Driven by the doctrine of Manifest Destiny, the United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century. This involved displacing American Indian tribesacquiring new territories, and gradually admitting new states, until by 1848 the nation spanned the continent.During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War ended legal slavery in the country.By the end of that century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean,and the economy, driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution, began to soar.The Spanish–American War andWorld War I confirmed the country's status as a global military power. The United States emerged from World War II as a global superpower, the first country to develop nuclear weapons, the only country to use them in warfare, and as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of theSoviet Union left the United States as the sole superpower.
The United States is a developed country and has the world's largest national economy, benefiting from an abundance of natural resourcesand high worker productivity. While the U.S. economy is consideredpost-industrial, the country continues to be one of the world's largest manufacturers. Accounting for 37% of global military spending and 19% of world GDP (PPP), it is the world's foremost economic andmilitary power, a prominent political and cultural force, and a leader inscientific research and technological innovations.

In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere "America" after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci (LatinAmericus Vespucius). The first documentary evidence of the phrase "United States of America" is from a letter dated January 2, 1776, written by Stephen Moylan, Esq.George Washington's aide-de-camp and Muster-Master General of theContinental Army. Addressed to Lt. Col. Joseph Reed, Moylan expressed his wish to carry the "full and ample powers of the United States of America" to Spain to assist in the revolutionary war effort.
The first known publication of the phrase "United States of America" was in an anonymously written essay in The Virginia Gazette newspaper in Williamsburg, Virginia, on April 6, 1776. In June 1776, Thomas Jefferson included the phrase "UNITED STATES OF AMERICA" in all capitalized letters in the headline of his "original Rough draught" of the Declaration of Independence. In the final Fourth of July version of the Declaration, the pertinent section of the title was changed to read, "The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen united States of America". In 1777 the Articles of Confederation announced, "The Stile of this Confederacy shall be 'The United States of America'".
The short form "United States" is also standard. Other common forms include the "U.S.", the "USA", and "America". Colloquial names include the "U.S. of A." and, internationally, the "States". "Columbia", a name popular in poetry and songs of the late 1700s, derives its origin from Christopher Columbus; it appears in the name "District of Columbia".In non-English languages, the name is frequently the translation of either the "United States" or "United States of America", and colloquially as "America". In addition, an abbreviation (e.g. USA) is sometimes used.
The phrase "United States" was originally treated as plural, a description of a collection of independent states—e.g., "the United States are"—including in the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1865. It became common to treat it as singular, a single unit—e.g., "the United States is"—after the end of the Civil War. The singular form is now standard; the plural form is retained in the idiom "these United States". The difference has been described as more significant than one of usage, but reflecting the difference between a collection of states and a unit.
The standard way to refer to a citizen of the United States is as an "American". "United States", "American" and "U.S." are used to refer to the country adjectivally ("American values", "U.S. forces"). "American" is rarely used in English to refer to subjects not connected with the United States.

Population

According to a survey conducted by the Williams Institute, nine million Americans, or roughly 3.4% of the adult population identify themselves ashomosexual, bisexual, or transgender.[202][203] A 2012 Gallup poll also concluded that 3.5% of adult Americans identified as LGBT. The highest percentage came from the District of Columbia (10%), while the lowest state was North Dakota at 1.7%. In a 2013 survey, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that 96.6% of Americans identify as straight, while 1.6% identify as gay or lesbian, and 0.7% identify as being bisexual.White Americans are the largest racial group;Black Americans are the nation's largest racial minority and third largest ancestry group.[194] Asian Americans are the country's second largest racial minority; the three largest Asian American ethnic groups are Chinese Americans, Filipino Americans, and Indian Americans.[194]The United States has a very diverse population; 37 ancestry groups have more than one million members.[194] German Americans are the largest ethnic group (more than 50 million) - followed byIrish Americans (circa 37 million), Mexican Americans (circa 31 million) and English Americans(circa 28 million).[195][196]
In 2010, the U.S. population included an estimated 5.2 million people with someAmerican Indian or Alaska Native ancestry (2.9 million exclusively of such ancestry) and 1.2 million with some native Hawaiian or Pacific island ancestry (0.5 million exclusively). The census counted more than 19 million people of "Some Other Race" who were "unable to identify with any" of its five official race categories in 2010.[206]
The population growth of Hispanic and Latino Americans (the terms are officially interchangeable) is a majordemographic trend. The 50.5 million Americans of Hispanic descent are identified as sharing a distinct "ethnicity" by the Census Bureau; 64% of Hispanic Americans are of Mexican descent. Between 2000 and 2010, the country's Hispanic population increased 43% while the non-Hispanic population rose just 4.9%. Much of this growth is from immigration; in 2007, 12.6% of the U.S. population was foreign-born, with 54% of that figure born in Latin America.
Fertility is also a factor; in 2010 the average Hispanic (of any race) woman gave birth to 2.35 children in her lifetime, compared to 1.97 for non-Hispanic black women and 1.79 for non-Hispanic white women (both below the replacement rate of 2.1). Minorities (as defined by the Census Bureau as all those beside non-Hispanic, non-multiracial whites) constituted 36.3% of the population in 2010,and over 50% of children under age one, and are projected to constitute the majority by 2042. This contradicts the report by the National Vital Statistics Reports, based on the U.S. census data, which concludes that 54% (2,162,406 out of 3,999,386 in 2010) of births were non-Hispanic white.

About 82% of Americans live in urban areas (including suburbs); about half of those reside in cities with populations over 50,000. In 2008, 273 incorporated places had populations over 100,000, nine cities had more than one million residents, and four global cities had over two million (New York CityLos AngelesChicago, and Houston). There are 52 metropolitan areas with populations greater than one million. Of the 50 fastest-growing metro areas, 47 are in the West or South. The metro areas of San BernardinoDallas, Houston, Atlanta, and Phoenix all grew by more than a million people between 2000 and 2008.

Thursday, March 26, 2015

10 gjëra që meshkujt i duan dhe i pëlqejnë shumë te femrat

Kimia mes meshkujve dhe femrave është sa e bukur aq edhe e çuditshme. Zbuloni gjërat që meshkujt pëlqejnë te femrat, ndonëse këto mund të mos i vënë re që i kanë. Po ashtu, meshkujt rrëfejnë edhe për gjërat që nuk i preferojnë te një vajzë kur janë në lidhjeNdonëse meshkujt nuk mund të jenë gjithnjë romantikë, ata kanë disa gjëra të cilat i bëjnë, por që femrat nuk kanë dijeni. Për shkak se meshkujt duan të duket gjithnjë si gjinia e fortë dhe që nuk u bëjnë përshtypje shumë gjëra, sikurse shkruan suplementi “Ndryshe” në gazetën “Shqip”, ata preferojnë ta mbajnë të fshehtë vëmendjen që u kushtojnë disa gjërave të vogla te femrat.
Aroma. Çdo njeri ka aromën e tij karakteristike që është e pavarur nga parfumet, era e shampos apo solucioneve të tjera. Te femrat kjo aromë është një nga elementët që tërheq më tepër meshkujt dhe që i bën për vete.
Flokët e lagura. Ndonësepër vajzat flokët e lagura janë një problem për të cilin duhet të kujdesen, për meshkujt ato janë një aspekt që i bën për vete dhe i nxit fantazi të shumta. Për më tepër lidhen me freskinë dhe gjërat e bukura që vijnë pas dushit.
Bluzat e gjera. Meshkujt i adhurojnë vajzat që veshin bluzat apo këmishat e tyre gjatë natës që kalojnë te ta. Është një ndjesi intimiteti që i bën të ndihen të sigurt për lidhjen me vajzën në fjalë.
Qukat. E çuditshme, por e vërtetë, meshkujt i preferojnë shumë femrat që kanë quka, pasi mendojnë se ato janë shumë të adhurueshme. Ndonëse femrat përpiqen t’i fshehin qukat, meshkujt po rebelohen dhe kërkojnë t’i shohin ato më shumë te partneret e tyre.
Frymëmarrja e afërt. Meshkujt çmenden kur femrat marrin frymë pranë qafës së tyre. Disa njerëz mund ta cilësojnë këtë si ‘të bezdisshme’ dhe si ‘të pamundur për të fjetur’, por shumica e djemve mendojnë se kjo është diçka shumë e bukur dhe pse jo tërheqëse.
Përqafimet. Njëfenomen shumë i përhapur së fundmi, bëhet fjalë më tepër për përqafimet në shtrat dhe për afërsinë e intimitetin e krijuar në çift sesa për përqafimet në përgjithësi. Megjithëse pretendohet se femrat i pëlqejnë më shumë ‘përkëdheljet’ në shtrat, meshkujt nuk mbeten më pas.
Gjërat që bëhen në shtrat, mbeten në shtrat. Shumë femra ndrydhen me idenë se nëse veprojnë në një farë mënyre në shtrat, atëherë ato do të paragjykohen. Por rezulton e kundërta, meshkujt i pëlqejnë shumë femrat aktive në shtrat dhe nuk e kanë aspak kompleksin e gjërave të çuditshme.
Të qeshurën e përmbajtur. Meshkujt mendojnë se është shumë bukur kur vajzat qeshin në një mënyrë të veçantë, për më tepër kur janë vetë djemtë atë që kanë shkaktuar buzëqeshjen apo kanë thënë batutën.
Kur flirtojnë. Nuk është diçka që ndodh zakonisht, por meshkujve u pëlqen shumë kur femrat flirtojnë me ta ose kur i shohin në një mënyrë që i tregon se i dëshirojnë ata. Nga kjo kuptohet se edhe meshkujt kujdesen për veten që të jenë të pëlqyeshëm dhe për femrat që i shohin rastësisht.
Kafshimi i buzës. Nëse ju duhet të bindni ndonjë djalë për çdo gjë, mjafton të kafshoni paksa buzën tuaj të poshtme dhe ai do të jetë i gatshëm të bëjë çdo gjë. Meshkujt e shohin këtë si shumë tërheqëse dhe u pëlqen pa masë.
10 gjërat që meshkujt urrejnë te të dashurat e tyre
Kur i pyesin ‘çfarë po mendon?’. Meshkujt pëlqejnë të jenë shumë privatë, atyre nuk u vjen mirë kur të dashurat përpiqen t’i hyjnë në mendje duke ditur çdo gjë që ata mendojnë. Por mund të vijë edhe prej faktit që meshkujt mendojnë gjëra të cilat mund t’u duken vajzave jo tërheqëse.
Shoqet që i kanë inat. Meshkujt absolutisht nuk e kuptojnë përse vajzat mbajnë shoqe të cilat nuk i pëlqejnë dhe vazhdojnë t’i shajnë apo të ankohen pas krahëve për to.
Kur gënjejnë për ‘numrin’. Djemtë duan që të dashurat e tyre të jenë të sinqerta për numrin e ishëve që kanë pasur, megjithatë asnjë vajzë nuk e bën këtë, e për më tepër edhe djemtë vetë nuk janë të sinqertë për ish-et e tyre. Studimet kanë zbuluar se vajzat e pakësojnë numrin, ndërsa djemtë e rrisin atë.
Kur nuk marrin iniciativën. A jemi ne të vetmit që fillojnë shenjat e një dëshire seksuale? – pyesin meshkujt. Është e qartë se dëshira është e përbashkët, por të dashurit ankohen për femrat që nuk e nisin të parat lojën e dashurisë në shtrat.
Jam e shëndoshë. Ankimi i përhershëm që meshkujve u ka ardhur në majë të hundës prej të dashurave të tyre. Ata do të preferonin më shumë dikë që e pranon veten dhe që nuk ka nevojë për konfirmim të përhershëm të trupit.
Sjellja e keqe ndaj vajzave të tjera. Meshkujve nuk u pëlqen kur vajzat shajnë njëra-tjetrën, kjo sepse ata pëlqejnë çdo vajzë. Është e njëjta gjë me meshkujt që përpiqen të ulin njëri-tjetrin, thjesht nuk funksionon, ndaj kursejeni.
Emocionet e tepërta. Një djalë e pëlqen një vajzë që emocionohet, por jo një të dashur që bën ‘mbretëreshën e dramës’. Kjo është një nga gjërat që djemtë do të donin të shmangnin nga të dashurat e tyre.
Shpërfillja. Një gjë është e padurueshme për një djalë, dhe kjo është shpërfillja që ndonjëherë vajzat tregojnë ndaj personit që kanë përballë. Nëse jeni në takim me një të dashur të ardhshëm, lëreni mënjanë telefonin.
Harresa. Të dashurit e urrejnë kur të dashurat e tyre nuk i kujtojnë ata kur janë larg. Një harresë e tillë konsiderohet si gjëja më e keqe që mund t’ju ndodhë djemve në një lidhje.
Orët e tepërta para pasqyrës. Është e qartë se djemtë i duan vajzat e bukura, por do të donin t’i shmangnin orët e gjata para pasqyrës.

Thursday, March 12, 2015

What is music?

Music is an art form whose medium issound. Its common elements are pitch(which governs melody and harmony),rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo,meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The word derives from Greek μουσική (mousike; "art of the Muses").
 In its most general form the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music, the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic dissemination of music.
The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions (and their recreation in performance), through improvisational music to aleatoric forms. Music can be divided into genres and subgenres, although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to personal interpretation, and occasionally controversial. Within the arts, music may be classified as aperforming art, a fine art, and auditory art. It may also be divided among art music andfolk music. There is also a strong connection between music and mathematics. Music may be played and heard live, may be part of a dramatic workor film, or may be recorded.
To many people in many cultures, music is an important part of their way of life. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound."

Sunday, March 8, 2015

International Woman's Day

International Women's Day (IWD), also called International Working Women's Day, occurs on March 8 every year.Started as a Socialist political event, the holiday blended in the culture of many countries, primarily in Europe, especially those in the Soviet Bloc. It is a day to emphasize the femenistic struggle for womens rights. In some regions, the day has lost its political charge, and has become simply an occasion for men to express their love for women in a way somewhat similar to a mixture of Mother's Day and Valentine's Day. In other regions, however, the political and human rights theme designated by the United Nations runs strong, and political and social awareness of the struggles of women worldwide are brought out and examined in a hopeful manner. This is a day which some people celebrate by wearing purple ribbons.
The earliest Women’s Day observance was held on February 28, 1909, in New York; it was organized by the Socialist Party of America in remembrance of the 1908 strike of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union.[3] There was no specific strike happening on March 8, despite later claims.[4]
In August 1910, an International Women's Conference was organized to precede the general meeting of the Socialist Second International in CopenhagenDenmark. Inspired in part by the American socialists, German Socialist Luise Zietz proposed the establishment of an annual 'International Woman's Day' (singular) and was seconded by fellow socialist and later communist leader Clara Zetkin, although no date was specified at that conference. Delegates (100 women from 17 countries) agreed with the idea as a strategy to promote equal rights, including suffrage, for women. The following year, on March 19, 1911, IWD was marked for the first time, by over a million people in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland.  In the Austro-Hungarian Empire alone, there were 300 demonstrations.
In Vienna, women paraded on the Ringstrasse and carried banners honouring the martyrs of the Paris Commune. Women demanded that women be given the right to vote and to hold public office. They also protested against employment sex discrimination.Americans continued to celebrate National Women's Day on the last Sunday in February.

Tuesday, March 3, 2015

New communication tecnology

Information and communications technology (ICT) is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration oftelecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise softwaremiddleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.
The term ICT is also used to refer to theconvergence of atelephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to elimination of the telephone network) to merge the telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management.


The phrase Information and Communication Technology has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s, and the termICT became popular after it was used in a report to the UK government by Dennis Stevenson in 1997 and in the revisedNational Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2000. But in 2012, theRoyal Society recommended that the termICT should no longer be used in British schools "as it has attracted too many negative connotations", and with effect from 2014 the National Curriculum was changed to use the word computingreflecting the addition of computer programming to the curriculum. A leading group of universities consider ICT to be a soft subject and advise students against studying A-level ICT, preferring instead A-level Computer Science.