What is music?

Music is an art form whose medium issound. Its common elements are pitch(which governs melody and harmony),rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo,meter, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The word derives from Greek μουσική (mousike; "art of the Muses").

 In its most general form the activities describing music as an art form include the production of works of music, the criticism of music, the study of the history of music, and the aesthetic dissemination of music.

The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions (and their recreation in performance), through improvisational music to aleatoric forms. Music can be divided into genres and subgenres, although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to personal interpretation, and occasionally controversial. Within the arts, music may be classified as aperforming art, a fine art, and auditory art. It may also be divided among art music andfolk music. There is also a strong connection between music and mathematics. Music may be played and heard live, may be part of a dramatic workor film, or may be recorded.

To many people in many cultures, music is an important part of their way of life. Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies. Common sayings such as "the harmony of the spheres" and "it is music to my ears" point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to. However, 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music, saying, for example, "There is no noise, only sound."

International Woman's Day

International Women's Day (IWD), also called International Working Women's Day, occurs on March 8 every year.Started as a Socialist political event, the holiday blended in the culture of many countries, primarily in Europe, especially those in the Soviet Bloc. It is a day to emphasize the femenistic struggle for womens rights. In some regions, the day has lost its political charge, and has become simply an occasion for men to express their love for women in a way somewhat similar to a mixture of Mother's Day and Valentine's Day. In other regions, however, the political and human rights theme designated by the United Nations runs strong, and political and social awareness of the struggles of women worldwide are brought out and examined in a hopeful manner. This is a day which some people celebrate by wearing purple ribbons.

The earliest Women’s Day observance was held on February 28, 1909, in New York; it was organized by the Socialist Party of America in remembrance of the 1908 strike of the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union.^[3] There was no specific strike happening on March 8, despite later claims.^[4]

In August 1910, an International Women's Conference was organized to precede the general meeting of the Socialist Second International in Copenhagen, Denmark. Inspired in part by the American socialists, German Socialist Luise Zietz proposed the establishment of an annual 'International Woman's Day' (singular) and was seconded by fellow socialist and later communist leader Clara Zetkin, although no date was specified at that conference. Delegates (100 women from 17 countries) agreed with the idea as a strategy to promote equal rights, including suffrage, for women. The following year, on March 19, 1911, IWD was marked for the first time, by over a million people in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland.  In the Austro-Hungarian Empire alone, there were 300 demonstrations.

In Vienna, women paraded on the Ringstrasse and carried banners honouring the martyrs of the Paris Commune. Women demanded that women be given the right to vote and to hold public office. They also protested against employment sex discrimination.Americans continued to celebrate National Women's Day on the last Sunday in February.

New communication tecnology

Information and communications technology (ICT) is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is a more specific term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration oftelecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.

The term ICT is also used to refer to theconvergence of atelephone networks with computer networks through a single cabling or link system. There are large economic incentives (huge cost savings due to elimination of the telephone network) to merge the telephone network with the computer network system using a single unified system of cabling, signal distribution and management.

The phrase Information and Communication Technology has been used by academic researchers since the 1980s, and the termICT became popular after it was used in a report to the UK government by Dennis Stevenson in 1997 and in the revisedNational Curriculum for England, Wales and Northern Ireland in 2000. But in 2012, theRoyal Society recommended that the termICT should no longer be used in British schools "as it has attracted too many negative connotations", and with effect from 2014 the National Curriculum was changed to use the word computingreflecting the addition of computer programming to the curriculum. A leading group of universities consider ICT to be a soft subject and advise students against studying A-level ICT, preferring instead A-level Computer Science.

Life Expectancy

Life expectancy is a statistical measure of how long a person may live, based on the year of their birth, their current age and other demographic factors including gender. At a given age (age x) is the average number of years that would be lived by a group of individuals (of age x) exposed to the same mortality conditions until they die. The most commonly used measure of life expectancy is life expectancy at age zero, that is, at birth (LEB), which can be defined in two ways: while cohort LEB is the mean length of life of an actual birth cohort (all individuals born a given year) and can be computed only for cohorts that were born many decades ago, so that all their members died, period LEB is the mean length of life of a hypothetical cohort assumed to be exposed since birth until death of all their members to the mortality rates observed at a given year.

National LEB figures reported by statistical national agencies and international organizations are indeed estimates ofperiod LEB. In the Bronze and Iron Age LEB was 26 years; the 2010 world LEB was 67.2. For recent years in Swaziland LEB is about 49 years while in Japan is about 83 years. The combination of high infant mortality and deaths in young adulthood from accidents, epidemics, plagues, wars, and childbirth, particularly before modern medicine was widely available, significantly lowers LEB. But for those who survive early hazards, a life expectancy of sixty or seventy would not be uncommon. For example, a society with a LEB of 40 may have few people dying at age 40: most will die before 30 years of age or very few after 55. In countries with high infant mortality rates, LEB is highly sensitive to the rate of death in the first few years of life. Because of this sensitivity to infant mortality, LEB can be subjected to gross misinterpretation, leading one to believe that a population with a low LEB will necessarily have a small proportion of older people. For example, in a hypotheticalstationary population in which half the population dies before the age of five, but everybody else dies at exactly 70 years old, LEB will be about 36 years, while about 25% of the population will be between the ages of 50 and 70. Another measure, such as life expectancy at age 5 (e₅), can be used to exclude the effect of infant mortality to provide a simple measure of overall mortality rates other than in early childhood—in the hypothetical population above, life expectancy at age 5 would be another 65 years. Aggregate population measures, such as the proportion of the population in various age groups, should also be used alongside individual-based measures like formal life expectancy when analyzing population structure and dynamics.

Mathematically, life expectancy is the expected (in the statistical sense) number of years of life remaining at a given age. It is denoted by , which means the averagenumber of subsequent years of life for someone now aged , according to a particular mortality experience. Because life expectancy is an average, a particular person may well die many years before or many years after their "expected" survival. The term "maximum life span" has a quite different meaning.

Life expectancy is also used in plant or animal ecology; life tables (also known asactuarial tables). The term life expectancy may also be used in the context of manufactured objects, although the related term shelf life is used for consumer products and the terms "mean time to breakdown" (MTTB) and "mean time between failures" (MTBF) are used in engineering.

Here's how it will be the iPhone 7and the date of issuance.

The iPhone 7 is already a hot topic, even though the iPhone 6 and 6 Plus have only been out for a few months: you may be surprised by how much speculation there is about the iPhone 7 already. In 2015 we're sure to see the next-generation iPhone. But what will the iPhone 7 (or perhaps iPhone 6s or simply 'New iPhone') be like? What new features can we expect in the iPhone 7? And when will the iPhone 7 come out? We round up the evidence to bring you everything there is to know about the iPhone 7 so far.

The latest update to this article concerns sapphire glass displays: a rumour suggests that Apple supplier Foxconn plans to spend $2.6bn on a sapphire plant in Taiwan, allowing Apple to use this material for the iPhone 7's display.

If you're looking for information about the iPhone 6 or iPhone 6 Plus, by the way, visit ouriPhone 6 review and iPhone 6 Plus review, and our comparison article: iPhone 6 vs iPhone 6 Plus.

Football History

Football refers to a number of sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ballwith the foot to score a goal. Unqualified,the word football is understood to refer to whichever form of football is the most popular in the regional context in which the word appears: association football (also known as soccer) in the vast majority of the world; gridiron football (specificallyAmerican football or Canadian football) in the United States and Canada; Australian rules football or rugby league in different areas of Australia; Gaelic football in Ireland; and rugby football (specifically rugby union) in New Zealand.^[1][2] These different variations of football are known as football codes. 

Various forms of football can be identified in history, often as popular peasant games. Contemporary codes of football can be traced back to the codification of these games at English public schools in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.^[3][4]The influence and power of the British Empire allowed these rules of football to spread to areas of British influence outside of the directly controlled Empire,^[5] though by the end of the nineteenth century, distinct regional codes were already developing: Gaelic Football, for example, deliberately incorporated the rules of local traditional football games in order to maintain their heritage.^[6] In 1888, The Football League was founded in England, becoming the first of many professionalfootball competitions. During the twentieth century, several of the various kinds of football grew to become among the most popular team sports in the world.^[7]

Whatsapp is shutting down

I guess you can tell that a social messaging service has become popular with the masses when the hoaxes and chain letters begin to spread in fury.

In the past we’ve seen hoaxes that have spread claiming that WhatsApp will start charging for every message that is sent, and now another is doing the rounds claiming that the service will be shut down entirely on January 28th.

Whatsapp is shutting down on 28th jan Message from Jim Balsamic (CEO of Whatsapp) we have had an over usage of user names on whatsapp Messenger. We are requesting all users to forward this message to their entire contact list. If you do not forward this message, we will take it as your account is invalid and it will be deleted within the next 48 hours. Please DO NOT ignore this message or whatsapp will no longer recognise your activation. If you wish to re-activate your account after it has been deleted, a charge of 25.00 will be added to your monthly bill. We are also aware of the issue involving the pictures updates not showing. We are working diligently at fixing this problem and it will be up and running as soon as possible. Thank you for your cooperation from the Whatsapp team

On this occasion, the bogus warning tells you that you will be charged $25 (at least, I assume it’s dollars.. the chain letter doesn’t specify a currency) each month if you want to reactivate your WhatsApp account.

Of course, it’s nonsense – and very similar wording to similar nuisance chain letters that have spread in the past on other social networks such as Facebook.

The intention of chain letters like this is to give whoever started it the cheap thrill of seeing it spread between as many people as possible, rather than to gain any financial benefit.

But, of course, even if it isn’t making any difference to your wallet passing on a bogus warning like this makes you look like a doofus, and simply clogs up your friends and families inboxes.

If you don’t like spam and are irritated by junk messages your best course of action is to delete any hoax warnings and educate your contacts to be more careful in future.